Volume 7 - Issue 4
Authors : Nihal Seden Boyoğlu*, Ezgi Keskin, Kürşat İlyas Çil, Özgür Yiğit
n the past, it was believed that ectopic thymoma was a rare hamartomatous tumor found in the cervical region, caused by the presence
of ectopic thymic tissue due to disrupted thymus migration during fetal development. However, recent literature indicates that these lesions do not
originate from the thymus and should be referred to as branchiomas. Despite being uncommon, it is crucial to consider these lesions in the differential
diagnosis of cervical masses.
Authors : Michelle Cao, MD, Benjamin Zhang, Scott Gorenstein, MD, Eyal Lotan,MD, PhD, Yi Zhang, MD, MS
We present a case of pneumorrhachis (PR) and pneumocephalus (PC) following labor epidural analgesia and conducted a systematic review of published
studies on PR or PC after epidural anesthesia. A 36-year-old female, gravida 4, para 1 (one uncomplicated term pregnancy and two abortions), received
epidural anesthesia for pain control during labor at 40 weeks of gestation with an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. About 12 hours after the epidural, the
patient experienced muscle and upper back pain that progressed to a positional headache. Imaging revealed an air collection within the intraspinal and
intracranial space.
Authors : Dr. Gaby Ajcip*. Advisor: Dr. Jacqueline Carrera
An internal hernia is a defect inside the abdominal cavity that can be found in different locations, 12% are transmesenteric, it can be of acquired origin
(traumatic or previous surgeries) or congenital defect, the finding is usually incidental. Intestinal peristalsis can allow passage through this defect and in
most cases it reduces spontaneously, however in some cases an adequate return is not allowed and the irrigation of the structures is compromised causing an
acute abdominal clinical picture, usually the symptoms tend to be obstructive and sudden. As it is a rare entity, preoperative diagnosis is infrequent.
Authors : Genco Gençay*, Abdülkadir Baziki, Feryal Gün Soysal, Demet Demirkol
Chyloperitoneum is rare in children, the most common cause being primary lymphatic anomalies. However, it may also be an acquired disease,
most commonly due to trauma and surgery. This is the first report of an infant who had chyloperitoneum because of thoracic duct compression by the dilated
esophageal segment.
Authors : Zoltán Pál, Zsófia Kádas, Zoltán Kozinszky*, Andrea Surányi*
Diabetes mellitus has become an endemic disease. While the occurrence of Types 1 and 2 in fertile women is 0,5-1,0% [1,2], gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) diagnosed during pregnancy is present in 10-30% in Europe [1,2], making it the most common medical complications during pregnancy
[3,4,5]. Showed an increase in the GDM incidence from 12.4% in 2009 to 18.5% in 2017 in Hungary.
Authors : Carlos Arnulfo Gonzalez Juachin*
Foreign bodies in the esophagus are a very common cause of emergency consultation, including various methods, such as ingestion, aspiration, and purposeful insertion.(1)
According to the United States outpatient medical unit, approximately 535,000 cases were seen in 2010. (2) The presentation, anatomical considerations, and
the appropriate imaging strategy that includes x-rays, ultrasound, fluoroscopy or computed tomography, They will depend on the resources available in the
hospital or care center.
Authors : Christos Kogias*, Dionysios Kogias*, Amalia Kasmiridou, Theodora Biagki, Sofia Zouganeli, Dafni Moriki, Olympia Sardeli, Despoina
Chaloutsi, José Á Rufián-Henares, Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira, Fabio Lauria, Konstantinos Douros, George Antonogeorgos
In biomedical research the need for using reliable tools in order to accurately measure and evaluate health
related associations is dominant.1 Although current recommendations suggest the combined use of repeated 24-h recall diaries, i.e., 3-day diaries and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess individuals’ dietary habits,
in the majority of studies the FFQ is the only tool that has been used, as it is convenient, cost effective and gives information on long-term intake.2-4 However, for a FFQ to be used in practice, its repeatability and validity should be
first proven.
Authors : Lilu Kuang†, Liang Deng†, Jianhuang Chen†, Runcheng He*
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. Based on the phenotype, HSP is distinguished as pure or complicated forms. To date, more than 80 loci or genes have been reported to cause HSP. CAPN1 variants are responsible for a complex inherited form of spastic paraplegia 76 (SPG76) with a combination of corticomotor tract disorder and cerebellar ataxia. We here report clinical and molecular findings of a Chinese patient with a novel homozygote c.1439T>C variant (p.Leu480Pro) in the CAPN1 gene. Causative mutation was identified by target sequencing of a custom panel containing over 730 known virulence genes and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Our report emphasizes the importance of the “spasticity-ataxia” phenotype in the diagnosis of SPG76 and broadenes the clinical and molecular
spectrum of “CAPN1-associated neurodegeneration”.
Authors : Konstantinos D Tambalis*, Giannis Arnaoutis, Dimitrios Vlachopoulos,Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Labros S Sidossis
This study aimed to explore the secular trend of healthy habits from childhood to adolescence and to assess associations with obesity and physical fitness (PF). Healthy habits such as physical activity (PA), screen time, and sleep and dietary habits were assessed through a self-completed questionnaire in a sample of 177,091 children and adolescents. Sufficient sleep time, adequate PA, allowable screen time, and sufficient dietary habits were gradually decreased from childhood to adolescence, among both genders. Results showed a decrease in the cluster of healthy habits from 21.4±0.1% in 13-y-old to 2.1±0.1% in 18-y-old boys, (p<0.001), and a corresponding decrease from 15.3±0.2% in 13-y-old to 1.1±0.1% in 18-y-old girls, (p<0.001). Participants having a cluster of healthy habits decreased the odds of being obese and having low PF by almost 12% and 38%, respectively, than those who did not. Conclusively, healthy habits decrease from childhood to adolescence and are associated with less obesity
and better PF.
Authors : Mohammad Raza, MBBS, FCPS, Rijaa Zaheer, MBBS*, Rafia Jabbar,MBBS
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is now an increasingly recognized clinical entity among children, being identified as a
predominant cause of encephalitis in cases which were previously labelled as idiopathic. There is paucity of literature reported on this variant of encephalitis in our country in the pediatric age group. Hereby, we highlight a case of a two-and-half year-old girl from Karachi, Pakistan with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who presented with repeated seizures and decreased consciousness. Later on, she developed severe orofacial dyskinesias, choreoathetoid movements of the limbs and behavioral changes like agitation and aggression. This disease should
be suspected in any child with unusual presentation of encephalitis to timely
diagnose the disease and initiate immunotherapy to improve the outcome.
Authors : Dr Othmane Naanani*, Dr I.Larhrabli, Pr M. loudghiri, Pr W. Bijou, Pr Y.
Oukessou, Pr S.Rouadi, Pr R.L. Abada, Pr M. Roubal, Pr M. Mahtar
Chondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage tumours that rarely occur in the maxilla. They are characterized by a generally slow evolution over time, and
by a high tendency for locoregional recurrence after surgical treatment. Their prognosis will depend on their histological grade, as well as the quality of tumor
excision.We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with a chondrosarcoma of the mandibule.