September Issue
Medical Images and Health Sciences
Subject Areas
Latest Articles
Authors : Maryam shafqat, Arshia Shaukat, Amina Ejaz, Fatima Mazhar*
One typical sign of TMJ illness is joint and muscle pain related to temporomandibular joint disorders. Vertigo, ringing in the ears, hearing loss,
jaw stiffness, limited mobility, or locking of the jaw joint are some of the symptoms that might appear at the same time. The jaw joint may also hurt
while opening or closing the mouth. Scientists study their mechanisms and genetic makeup.
Authors : Marwa Samee, Ayesha Bukhari, Nimra Manzoor, Muhammad Moeez Badar, Maheen Masood, Talha Sohai
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the up-and-coming technology that is making headlines with its imitation of a ‘super brain’; capable of storing, extracting,
and actively learning, rewriting, and adapting according to the needs of the user.1 ChatGPT is a recently launched chatbot.2 With a large amount of clinical
knowledge and a data bank containing almost all required medical information, large language models like ChatGPT will be the best assistive technology
needed to ensure that physicians can provide the best healthcare experience for the patients.3 It not only provides a massive bank of information but have
the ability to adapt and learn with each user experience; providing good quality and error-free healthcare has become highly achievable.
Authors : Muhammad Waqar Mazhar*
Chemotherapy, a cornerstone in cancer treatment, significantly alters the clinical profiles of patients, necessitating thorough pre- and post-treatment
analyses. This review synthesizes findings from multiple studies to elucidate the impact of chemotherapy on various physiological and biochemical parameters.
Key observations include significant decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, white blood cell (WBC) count, and red blood cell (RBC) count post-
chemotherapy. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels also show notable declines,
underscoring the onset of severe anemia
Authors : Kayenne Tan Qi En*, Gloria Chen Yuquan, Dr Yap Eng Soo, Dr Cheryl XQ Lim
A 73-year-old patient with a history of ischaemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, dyslipidaemia and gout was admitted to the hospital for fever
and shortness of breath. Prior to admission, the patient was on Apixaban, Atorvastatin and Allopurinol. Complete blood count done revealed leukocytosis
with a total white blood cell (WBC) count of 18.9 x 109/L. The differential white blood cell count is as follows: absolute neutrophil count 15.4 x 109/L,
absolute monocytes count 1.0 x 109/L, absolute lymphocyte count 1.9 x 109/L, absolute eosinophil count 0.5 x 109/L and absolute basophil count 0.1 x 109/L.
Haemoglobin and platelet count were within normal ranges and were 14.3g/dL and 177 x 109/L respectively.
Authors : Jacopo Conteduca*, Damiano Longo, Marco Filipponi Asl Lecce, Giuseppe Rollo Asl Lecce
A 22-year-old patient who presented with sciatica-like symptoms was unsuccessfully treated with rest, painkillers and physical rehabilitation. After
a CT scan of the pelvis and surgical resection, the patient was diagnosed with enchondroma of the iliac crest.
This is the first English-language report that we know of describing an isolated enchondroma of the iliac crest. Our study highlights the importance of
considering other aetiologies, including a bone tumour of the pelvis, in patients with sciatica-like symptoms without abnormalities in the lumbar region.
Authors : Coşkun DOĞAN1*, Göksel MENEK , Deniz ANLAR, Tuğçe BOZKURT
In Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) disease, a wide range of lung findings such as nodules, cavitary lesions, interstitial involvement, alveolar hemorrhage
and tracheobronchial stenosis can be observed radiologically. While lung involvement is common, endobronchial involvement is relatively less common.
It has been reported that the majority of cases of GPA with active endobronchial lesions (EBL) may have involvement of more organs and systems, primarily
including the ear, nose, and throat.
Authors : Alhasan Mohai Aldein Mohmmed Basheir, Estbrg alsafi Mohamed Ahmed, Ihsan Abdelrhman Mohammed Makki, Abdulraheem Haroon
Adam
Retrograde enteric intussusception is a rare subtype of a retrograde intussusception. Peak incidence of intussusception between five and ten
months of birth, It is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in infants. Barbette is a first surgeon described the intussusception in1674 , Wilson was the
first surgeon treated the disease surgically in 1831 and Hirschsprung is the first surgeon reported the technique of hydrostatic reduction in 1876 and in 1905,
after monitoring a series of 107 cases, he reported 35% mortality attributable to intussusception. Patient may present with colicky abdominal pain, red or
jelly stool, vomiting and constipation. On examination the physician may found sings of dehydration, pain, palpable sausage shaped abdominal mass
and on DRE there is bloody or jelly stool. Imagine of choices in patient with intussusception are Barium enema which may show claw hand, ultrasound
which may show target singe and CT scan is useful in an equivocal case.
Authors : Hassan MM, Trina SS, Ahmedullah AKM, Islam MN
Behcet’s disease can involve any organ of the body. It usually presents with oro-genital ulcer with or without ocular, cutaneous, articular, vascular,
neurologic and other organ involvement 1. BD is thought to be an ancient silk route disease but has a worldwide distribution 2. The prevalence in Asian region
was estimated 2.1-19.5/100,000 and also reported in southern and northern Europe 3-4. It is prevalent in Turkey followed by Iran, Israel and Japan but it
is rare in Australia, America and Africa 5-6. Onset is usually in the 2nd to 4th decade but rare in children and elderly 7, 8. HLAB51 positivity is associated
with the development of BD 9.
Authors : Aneri Patel, Panhaneath Seng, Jasper Zheng, Rashmi Verma*
Testicular neoplasms are one of the most common solid malignancies in males between ages 15-35; however, it only represents 1% of all solid tumors
in males (1). Up to 95% of testicular tumors are of germ cell origin. Germ cell tumors are derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ which are further
subtyped into pure seminomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. The clinical behavior of Germ cell tumors varies from benign to aggressive where
careful histological classification is required to determine the most appropriate treatment and staging. Afterall, testicular cancers are one of the most curable
neoplasms.
Authors : Muhammad Akram, David Pérez-Jorge, Momina Iftikhar, Sarvananda L, Francisco Garcia-Sierra, Riyadh S Al-Malki, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir,
Gaweł Sołowski, Najmiatul Fitria, Marcos Altable, Adonis Sfera, Simone Brogi, Ho Soonmin, Zaryab Fatima, El Hadji Seydou Mbaye,
Isah Suleiman Yahaya, Yahaya Usman
Chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, place a heavy burden on the world's healthcare and health systems. Recent studies
have shown how important nutrition is in controlling and preventing chronic diseases. This overview summarizes the most recent research on the effects
of specific nutrients and dietary patterns on the course of chronic diseases. Maintaining health and reducing the risk of disease requires eating a sufficient,
well-balanced diet. Diets rich in healthy grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean meats have been consistently linked to a lower incidence of chronic diseases
Authors : Nihal Seden Boyoğlu*, Ezgi Keskin, Kürşat İlyas Çil, Özgür Yiğit
n the past, it was believed that ectopic thymoma was a rare hamartomatous tumor found in the cervical region, caused by the presence
of ectopic thymic tissue due to disrupted thymus migration during fetal development. However, recent literature indicates that these lesions do not
originate from the thymus and should be referred to as branchiomas. Despite being uncommon, it is crucial to consider these lesions in the differential
diagnosis of cervical masses.
Authors : Michelle Cao, MD, Benjamin Zhang, Scott Gorenstein, MD, Eyal Lotan,MD, PhD, Yi Zhang, MD, MS
We present a case of pneumorrhachis (PR) and pneumocephalus (PC) following labor epidural analgesia and conducted a systematic review of published
studies on PR or PC after epidural anesthesia. A 36-year-old female, gravida 4, para 1 (one uncomplicated term pregnancy and two abortions), received
epidural anesthesia for pain control during labor at 40 weeks of gestation with an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. About 12 hours after the epidural, the
patient experienced muscle and upper back pain that progressed to a positional headache. Imaging revealed an air collection within the intraspinal and
intracranial space.
Authors : Dr. Gaby Ajcip*. Advisor: Dr. Jacqueline Carrera
An internal hernia is a defect inside the abdominal cavity that can be found in different locations, 12% are transmesenteric, it can be of acquired origin
(traumatic or previous surgeries) or congenital defect, the finding is usually incidental. Intestinal peristalsis can allow passage through this defect and in
most cases it reduces spontaneously, however in some cases an adequate return is not allowed and the irrigation of the structures is compromised causing an
acute abdominal clinical picture, usually the symptoms tend to be obstructive and sudden. As it is a rare entity, preoperative diagnosis is infrequent.
Authors : Genco Gençay*, Abdülkadir Baziki, Feryal Gün Soysal, Demet Demirkol
Chyloperitoneum is rare in children, the most common cause being primary lymphatic anomalies. However, it may also be an acquired disease,
most commonly due to trauma and surgery. This is the first report of an infant who had chyloperitoneum because of thoracic duct compression by the dilated
esophageal segment.
Authors : Zoltán Pál, Zsófia Kádas, Zoltán Kozinszky*, Andrea Surányi*
Diabetes mellitus has become an endemic disease. While the occurrence of Types 1 and 2 in fertile women is 0,5-1,0% [1,2], gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) diagnosed during pregnancy is present in 10-30% in Europe [1,2], making it the most common medical complications during pregnancy
[3,4,5]. Showed an increase in the GDM incidence from 12.4% in 2009 to 18.5% in 2017 in Hungary.
Authors : Carlos Arnulfo Gonzalez Juachin*
Foreign bodies in the esophagus are a very common cause of emergency consultation, including various methods, such as ingestion, aspiration, and purposeful insertion.(1)
According to the United States outpatient medical unit, approximately 535,000 cases were seen in 2010. (2) The presentation, anatomical considerations, and
the appropriate imaging strategy that includes x-rays, ultrasound, fluoroscopy or computed tomography, They will depend on the resources available in the
hospital or care center.
Authors : Christos Kogias*, Dionysios Kogias*, Amalia Kasmiridou, Theodora Biagki, Sofia Zouganeli, Dafni Moriki, Olympia Sardeli, Despoina
Chaloutsi, José Á Rufián-Henares, Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira, Fabio Lauria, Konstantinos Douros, George Antonogeorgos
In biomedical research the need for using reliable tools in order to accurately measure and evaluate health
related associations is dominant.1 Although current recommendations suggest the combined use of repeated 24-h recall diaries, i.e., 3-day diaries and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess individuals’ dietary habits,
in the majority of studies the FFQ is the only tool that has been used, as it is convenient, cost effective and gives information on long-term intake.2-4 However, for a FFQ to be used in practice, its repeatability and validity should be
first proven.
Authors : Lilu Kuang†, Liang Deng†, Jianhuang Chen†, Runcheng He*
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. Based on the phenotype, HSP is distinguished as pure or complicated forms. To date, more than 80 loci or genes have been reported to cause HSP. CAPN1 variants are responsible for a complex inherited form of spastic paraplegia 76 (SPG76) with a combination of corticomotor tract disorder and cerebellar ataxia. We here report clinical and molecular findings of a Chinese patient with a novel homozygote c.1439T>C variant (p.Leu480Pro) in the CAPN1 gene. Causative mutation was identified by target sequencing of a custom panel containing over 730 known virulence genes and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Our report emphasizes the importance of the “spasticity-ataxia” phenotype in the diagnosis of SPG76 and broadenes the clinical and molecular
spectrum of “CAPN1-associated neurodegeneration”.
Authors : Konstantinos D Tambalis*, Giannis Arnaoutis, Dimitrios Vlachopoulos,Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Labros S Sidossis
This study aimed to explore the secular trend of healthy habits from childhood to adolescence and to assess associations with obesity and physical fitness (PF). Healthy habits such as physical activity (PA), screen time, and sleep and dietary habits were assessed through a self-completed questionnaire in a sample of 177,091 children and adolescents. Sufficient sleep time, adequate PA, allowable screen time, and sufficient dietary habits were gradually decreased from childhood to adolescence, among both genders. Results showed a decrease in the cluster of healthy habits from 21.4±0.1% in 13-y-old to 2.1±0.1% in 18-y-old boys, (p<0.001), and a corresponding decrease from 15.3±0.2% in 13-y-old to 1.1±0.1% in 18-y-old girls, (p<0.001). Participants having a cluster of healthy habits decreased the odds of being obese and having low PF by almost 12% and 38%, respectively, than those who did not. Conclusively, healthy habits decrease from childhood to adolescence and are associated with less obesity
and better PF.
Authors : Mohammad Raza, MBBS, FCPS, Rijaa Zaheer, MBBS*, Rafia Jabbar,MBBS
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is now an increasingly recognized clinical entity among children, being identified as a
predominant cause of encephalitis in cases which were previously labelled as idiopathic. There is paucity of literature reported on this variant of encephalitis in our country in the pediatric age group. Hereby, we highlight a case of a two-and-half year-old girl from Karachi, Pakistan with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who presented with repeated seizures and decreased consciousness. Later on, she developed severe orofacial dyskinesias, choreoathetoid movements of the limbs and behavioral changes like agitation and aggression. This disease should
be suspected in any child with unusual presentation of encephalitis to timely
diagnose the disease and initiate immunotherapy to improve the outcome.
Authors : Dr Othmane Naanani*, Dr I.Larhrabli, Pr M. loudghiri, Pr W. Bijou, Pr Y.
Oukessou, Pr S.Rouadi, Pr R.L. Abada, Pr M. Roubal, Pr M. Mahtar
Chondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage tumours that rarely occur in the maxilla. They are characterized by a generally slow evolution over time, and
by a high tendency for locoregional recurrence after surgical treatment. Their prognosis will depend on their histological grade, as well as the quality of tumor
excision.We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with a chondrosarcoma of the mandibule.
Authors : Ihedioha blessing ojiugo, Patricia Imade Gbobo, Yinka Onasoga*
Extant literature has shown that maternal care is a crucial aspect of public health, and understanding the ethical dimensions is imperative for improving
healthcare quality. This study investigates the ethical relationships between midwives and mothers in the context of maternal care in Nigeria. The primary
objective is to explore and comprehend the intricate dynamics of ethical relationships within the Nigerian healthcare system. The study, conducted
in Nigeria, involved 16 participants (eight midwives and 8 mothers) selected through purposive random sampling. In-depth interviews were the primary
method of data collection.
Authors : Dr Bensaka Mohammed, Dr Chafai Alaoui Karim, Dr Aicha El Boukhrissi,
Dr Miloudi Mouad, Pr Abid Hatim, Pr Mohammed El Idrissi, Pr Elmrini Abdelmajid
The management of synovial sarcomas is multidisciplinary, and imaging plays a crucial role at various stages .MRI is currently the examination of choice for
the diagnosis of synovialosarcoma, helping to determine the site of surgical or radio-guided biopsy, to establish locoregional extension, enabling the choice of
therapeutic options, and to evaluate and monitor post-treatment.
Authors : Drs. Bensaka Mohammed*, Lakdim Hamza, Omar Habiballah, Yassine Hamid Lah, Cheddadi Mohammed, Dounas Hamza, Pr. Abid Hatim, Pr.
Elidrissi Mohammed, Pr. Elmrini Abdelmajid
We report a case of open enucleation of the talus, surgically treated conservatively. Enucleation or triple dislocation of the talus is a rare and serious
traumatic injury. The study reports case of a 55 years old, was the victim of an attack by a stone with a direct point of impact on the right ankle while the foot
was fixed, resulting in total functional impotence and severe pain. Enucleation of the talus is a rare lesion, rarely described in the literature. The functional
prognosis of the ankle is compromised by the risk of osteonecrosis.
Authors : Lasso Diana, Tacuri Juan*, Diana Pedrosa, Edison Loja
Bartter syndrome (BS) corresponds to a hereditary disease, autosomal recessive for 5 of its variants and autosomal dominant for one of them, with
2 phenotypes and six genotypes. The estimated prevalence is 1 per million inhabitants, although in our country this type of case has not been reported
in the literature. It has no predilection for race or gender. The presence of polyhydramnios without a clear cause (gestational diabetes or fetal
malformations) should make you think about this pathology.
Authors : Haithem Zaafouri*, Abdelhak Mbarek, Helmi Zebda, Mona Cherif, Dhafer Haddad, Yazid Benzarti, Anis Ben Maamer
A 41-year-old female admitted to our department of general surgery with a three days history of abdominal pain, fever and shivering. She was previously
healthy without any past medical history. On examination, she was febrile at 39°C, and she had tenderness in the
epigastric quadrant of the abdomen. Biological data showed leukocytosis at 22.10³ E/L, high C - reactive protein at 300mg/L, normal amylase and liver
enzymes.
Jinwei Zhang
Associate Professor in Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter Medical School, UK
Key Research: Pharmacology and Physiology
Shesnia Salim
Consultant Radiologist, MD in Radio-diagnosis and Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China
Key Research: Neuroradiology
Guoping Jiang
School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
Key Research:
Bhari Sharanesha Manjunatha
College of Dentistry, University of Taif, Al Hawaiah, Saudi Arabia
Key Research:
Aydin H
Radiology,Turkey
Key Research: Non- vascular intervention, MR Imaging, Neuroradiology, Genitourinary Radiology, Thorax and Abdominopelvic Radiology, Power Lifting-Diving-Swimming-Travelling
Mantzoros Ioannis
Department of General Surgery of A.U.TH., General Hospital ‘G.Papanikolaou', Greece
Key Research: Medicine and Surgery
Anne-Marie Rodriguez
Mesenchymal stem cells, tissue repair mechanisms, mitochondria transfer and metabolism, Université Paris-Est Créteil France
Key Research: Mesenchymal stem cells, tissue repair mechanisms, mitochondria transfer and metabolism
Trumfa Ilze
Professor and Head of the Department of Pathology in Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
Key Research: Tumour pathology, inflammation, cancer microenvironment, immunohistochemistry, systemic inflammatory reaction and liquid biopsy
Zhou Teng
Department of Computer Science, Shantou University, Shantou, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology (Shantou University), Ministry of Education, Shantou, China
Key Research: Noise immune learning, Spatial-Temporal Statistics & Data Science, Deep ensemble learning
Tanveer Mir
Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
Key Research: Internal medicine and allied specialties including cardiology and metabolism
