Volume 10 - Issue 5
Authors : Dr.Khajik Sirob Yaqob Qazaryan* , Dr. Nizar Bakir Al-Mezori, PhD, Dr. Muayad Aghali, PhD
Trillions of symbiotic microbial cells reside within our bodies, primarily in the human gut, and these microorganisms play a crucial role in our overall
health. They are essential contributors to our wellbeing, and alterations in the microbiome have been linked to various diseases. Recent studies have begun
to illuminate intriguing connections between changes in gut microbiota and neurological disorders, emphasizing the significant interplay between our gut
and brain. The microbiome–gut–brain axis—comprising neuronal, endocrine, metabolic, and immunological pathways—serves as a critical link between
these two domains, reflecting the remarkable complexity of our biology.
Authors : Dr. Khajik Sirob Yaqob Qazaryan*, Dr. Noor Saadi Yousif Akash, Dr Suwar Hassan Mohammed, Dr. Ali Alsarhan, Dr Khaled Mohammed
Al-mukdad, Dr Taher Obaid Ali
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasing significantly in recent years. ASD typically manifests during childhood,
characterized by atypical behaviors and developmental challenges. The diagnostic process for ASD can be complex, particularly due to the presence
of comorbid conditions that may complicate the clinical picture. Firstline interventions for ASD predominantly emphasize non-pharmacological
approaches. Pharmacological treatments are generally not effective for alleviating the core symptoms of autism; however, they may have a supportive
role in managing comorbidities and associated symptoms, such as irritability
and aggression.
Authors : Dr.Khajik Sirob Yaqob Qazaryan*, Dr Fatima Kamal Khalid, Dr Omer Qutaiba B Allela
loyed in the treatment of epilepsy, as well as a range of neuropsychological disorders, including bipolar disorder and the prophylaxis of migraines. This
medication represents a critical therapeutic option, particularly for women of child bearing potential who may have limited alternatives for the effective
management of their conditions. However, it is imperative to acknowledge that prenatal exposure to valproate has been correlated with an increased risk of
neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (4-6).
Authors : Saika Farook; Farhan Muhib; Mir Sajedul Karim; Md. Shariful Alam Jilani
Melioidosis, a fatal infectious disease, prevalent in southeast Asia and Northern Australia, is caused by the soil dwelling gram negative bacilli, Burkholderia
pseudomallei. The disease may present with varied clinical manifestations and without prior knowledge regarding the clinical signs of the infection as well as
detection methods of the causative agent, cases may be missed. Here, we report a case of melioidosis presenting as urinary tract infection in a diabetic patient,
residing in a remote district of Bangladesh where melioidosis was not diagnosed before.
Authors : Dr. Adethen Gunasekaran MD, DNB, DM*; Dr. Jeevasri Calaidrajane MD; Dr. Vivekchandar Chinnarasan MD.DM; Dr. Jerry Jame Joy MD, DM
The incidence of brain abscesses in cyanotic congenital heart disease patients is high due to defects in embryonic development. The associated congenital
anomalies include Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), DORV, and transposition of the great vessels. The complex anatomy and physiology of these conditions is
critical for providing anesthesia to such patients. Key considerations during the perioperative workup involves the through understanding of the complex
anatomy, the presence of associated anomalies and its physiological changes.The pathophysiology of DORV depends on multiple factors. Here, we discuss
a case of 9-year-old child with uncorrected DORV who developed cerebellar abscess.The anaesthetic challenges encountered and the strategies employed
during the case have been detailed.
Authors : Muskan Qureshi*, Mitushi Deshmukh, Nikita Zanwar
Eyelid Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) is a rare malignant tumour that develops from the squamous cells of the eyelid epidermis, accounting for
approximately 5-10% of all eyelid malignancies (1). The typical presentations as painless growth characterized by firm nodules or lesions, gradually progressive
most commonly affecting the lower eyelid and lateral canthus. Early detection and appropriate treatment, usually through surgical excision, generally leads
to a good prognosis, though regular monitoring is essential due to the risk of recurrence (2) (3).
Authors : Dr Svetlana Jovic Lackovic*
Autologous transfusion involves the collection of whole blood from the patient before the scheduled surgery, its preservation, storage and
distribution in case of need for transfusion treatment. In rare antigen phenotypes on erythrocytes, and especially in the presence of rare antierythrocyte
antibodies in the patient's serum, it is the only way for the patient to undergo surgery and be transfused if necessary.
Authors : Andrija Kostic, Milica Pantic, Nikola Savic
Ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) is a rare neurological condition with paroxysmal diplopia due to myotonic contraction of extraocular muscle as its main clinical feature. It can involve almost any extraocular muscle. It
occurs most often after the application of radiation therapy in the region of the neck and head, then with compression of nerves of vascular or meningeal
origin, with autoimmune disease, and it can also be of idiopathic origin. In the following case report, we describe bilateral ocular neuromyotonia most likely of
autoimmune origin (Rheumatoid arthritis).
Authors : Issabayev D.O., Surdin D.A., Makhambetov Y.T., Olenbay G.Y
Giant basilar artery (BA) aneurysms are uncommon. Frequently, aneurysms with a diameter of at least 25 mm have atheromatous plaques and are partially
thrombosed. There are some problems in the treatment of giant aneurysms,especially when the aneurysm is localized in the posterior circulation, because
ischemia of affected brain area might be caused by clipping or coil embolization. In addition, there are no guidelines for antiplatelet therapy in case of flow divert
stenting within child and adolescents’ population.
