Volume 11 - Issue 5
Authors : Dr. Charlie Vidal, MD, MPH, MBA*, Dr. Annette Martinez Padilla, MD, Dr. Caroline Annette Rivera Olomo, MD
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological disorder that can occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome, or idiopathically—the patient need
not necessarily have cancer or a toxic exposure. In oncologic settings, it may present as an immune-related adverse event (irAE) during immune checkpoint
inhibitor therapy. Its diagnosis is often challenging when advanced malignancy coexists with diagnostic limitations.
Authors : Nodira M. Normuradova , Xakim I. Shamirzaev
To discuss the diagnosis of fetal bilateral anophthalmia, which is a congenital two-sided absence of the eyeballs and is the most severe form of structural
malformation of the eye. An ultrasound examination of a male fetus at 25 weeks of gestation revealed the absence of the eyeball and lenses on both sides.
No other associated developmental anomalies were noted. Early ultrasound examinations at 11+ 3 weeks and 15 weeks of gestation did not reveal any orbital
pathology. To clarify the diagnosis of isolated congenital bilateral anophthalmia, magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal face and head was performed. MR
examination was carried out using a General Electric Optima 450i + GEM device, with 48-channel head coil, with the patient freely breathing in T2 SSFSE mode,
in axial, coronal and sagittal projections, slice thickness 4 mm.
Authors : Kazimova S. C., Huseynova G. A., Poluxova S. M., Maharramova S. H.,
Kazimova A. U., Shadlinski E. A, Musayeva E. M
This review article demonstrates the possible therapeutic effects of immunomodulators on diabetes mellitus. Multiple molecular mechanisms,
including autoimmunity, inflammation and metabolic stress, are risk factors for the development of β-cell deficiency. Against the background of oökthe
inflammatory process in adipocytes, the immune response is enhanced by apoptosis and macrophage infiltration, the interaction of the pathogenic factor
with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and CD11c+ M1 macrophages in adipose tissue enhance the inflammatory process in adipose tissue and peripheral insulin
resistance.
Authors : Hanah Sabrina Cavazos B.S., Michael Miguez M.D., Ahsan Raza M.D,FACS, FASCRS*
Endometriosis is known to infiltrate the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity and result in different pathological
presentations. Appendicitis, while a common surgical emergency, is rarely secondary to cellular infiltration by endometrial tissue1-4. This presentation is
a crucial contribution to our understanding of the elusive pathophysiology of endometriosis.
Authors : Muhammad Umer, Ovais Ullah Shirazi, Waqas Akram, Mahtab Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Nadeem Alvi, Muhammad Bilal Aslam, Khadija-TulKubra, Hassan Ahmad, Zainab Farooq, Eman Shahzad Khan, Mahnoor
Asim, Shaina Rehman, Hira Foaad, Itzaz Aslam, Ali Akhtar*
The development of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus is a distinguishing hallmark of endometriosis, a persistent gynecological
illness associated with infertility. Despite the fact that endometriosis is quite widespread, little is known about the precise risk factors that contribute to
infertility in these individuals, particularly in resource-limited situations.
Authors : Mette Pedersen*
The absence of uniform procedures for clinical voice‑quality assessment impedes cross‑study comparisons and evidence synthesis. Building on the 2023 European
Laryngological Society–Union of European Phoniatricians (ELS‑UEP) Delphi consensus, minimum standards applicable to voice in speech and singing with
clinical relevance are presented in a book of voice-related biomarkers. The Voice Handicap Index‑30 (or VHI‑10); auditory‑perceptual judgement with the GRBAS
scale; aerodynamic measurement of maximum phonation time; and acoustic analysis of a comfortable, sustained /a/ capturing mean fundamental frequency,
percent jitter, percent shimmer, and noise‑to‑harmonic ratio are included.
Authors : *Hanife Karakaya, MD, Assoc. Prof. Ayşe Güler, MD, Prof. Dr. Hadiye Şirin, MD, PhD
IV rTPA is classified as a category C drug during pregnancy. This study reports the administration of the treatment to a patient with acute ischemic stroke at
12 weeks of gestation. A 28-year-old woman, 12 weeks pregnant, presented to the emergency department with motor aphasia and muscle strength graded at
2/5. Her NIHSS score was 12, and the time window for thrombolytic therapy was deemed appropriate. Due to a prior mechanical valve replacement (MVR),
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was contraindicated; therefore, a cranial computed tomography (CT) scan was performed after obtaining informed
consent from the patient and her family
Authors : Debabrata Chakraborty*, Poonam Guha Vaze, Abhijit Das
Outcome data on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is limited, and functional outcome is considered less favorable
after ICH. Most recovery is considered to happen within the first few months,and people with severe post-ICH disability are often excluded from long-term
rehabilitation.
Authors : Buket Kılıç*
This case report describes a 15-year-old female with early-onset psychosis presenting with vegetative symptoms (loss of appetite, sleep disturbances)
and psychomotor retardation, often overlooked in early diagnosis. Initially, she exhibited suspiciousness, declining academic performance, and cognitive
difficulties, with no overt psychotic symptoms reported. Mental status exam revealed flat affect, anxious mood, and slowed thought and motor processes.
Treatment with olanzapine resulted in improvement of her symptoms within one week.
