Volume 2 - Issue 4
Authors : Dr Dale Ventour*
Loop diuretics can be used in critical care to manipulate urine output in
patients with hypoperfusion. Loop diuretics benefit the renal medulla during
hypoxia by decreasing the tubular energy requirements(1, 2), which makes
it a very attractive addition for patients with septic hypoperfusion. A Metaanalysis by K M Ho et al 2006 did not find in reduction in in-hospital mortality,
requirement for dialysis, length of stay or number of patients remaining
oliguric(3). A positive diuretic response to furosemide may indicate that the
patient is in the ‘de-resuscitative’ phase of sepsis and that renal impairment is
less severe
Authors : Berhe Tesfai MD, Okbu Frezgi MD, Hagos Tekle MD, Khalid Hussien MD
Androgen insensitivity syndrome in its complete form is a disorder of hormone resistance characterized by a female phenotype in an individual with
an XY karyotype and testes producing age-appropriate normal concentrations
of androgens.1 This is resulted from mutations in the X-linked androgen
receptor gene, which encodes for the ligand-activated androgen receptor—a
transcription factor and member of the nuclear receptor superfamily.
Authors : Prasetyaningsih, Setia Nisa
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is an indicator to see the health status of women. MMR becomes one of the third targets of Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs), which is to ensure a healthy life and encourage well-being for
people in all stages of age. The SDGs target is 70 per 100.000 at the end of
2030. 359 of MMR per 100.000 live births is still considered high, while the
target at the end of 2019 was 306 per 100.000 live births (Ministry of Health,
2015). Government and society take responsibility to ensure that every woman
has access to a high quality of maternal health services ranging from the
time of pregnancy, childbirth assistance from trained medical personnel, and
maternal postpartum care, and access to family planning.
Authors : Aoife Naughton FRCOphth, Naresh Joshi FRCOphth
Hyaluronic acid (HA) filler treatments are increasingly used in periocular
rejuvenation, as they appear to offer a safe and versatile method of volume
augmentation. Given their rising popularity among younger patients, it is
increasingly likely that oculoplastic surgeons will encounter patients who
have undergone prior periocular HA filler treatments, subsequently requiring
blepharoplasties at a later time point. Their longer-term effect on eyelid
anatomy remains uncertain however, and careful consideration needs to be
given to the perioperative planning and management of these patients.
Authors : Ngoy KD, Katumba NW*
Neural plate develops in various steps as depicted in Carnegie classification
until reaching the neural tube's complete closure between 26-28th day post fecundation1. During embryogenesis, eye development can be altered alone
or in a syndromic fashion, producing optic coloboma between 7mm and 14mm
stages2. When coloboma, defined as a closure defect of chorioid or optic
fissure, is associated with anophthalmia, it usually displays a wide range of
malformations leading to 10-15% of congenital blindness child population2,3.
We report a case of a patient born in a consanguineous family and presenting
with retinoschisis.
Authors : Killa Claris, Kaiyen Afi Leslie, TANGA Grace
The importance of quality in the functioning of
health care laboratories in developing countries has
been universally recognized. Laboratories practicing the
principles of quality assurance generate relevant, reliable
and cost-effective results. Quality means meeting the
standards. The standards are predetermined requirements
for a particular substance or service. (Mayura et al., 2005).
Authors : Gregory P. Swanson MD and Prashant C. Shah MD
Thymus cancers are rare. The standard preferred treatment has been
complete resection. The role of radiation has been reserved for postoperative
treatment or for palliation. Response to radiation is not well documented. Less
well defined is whether inoperable tumors can be rendered operable.
Authors : Dr Shanthi Mariapan*, Dr Sangaran Gopal, Dr Ruchi Negi, Dr Vinod Nair
Ileal atresia is a congenital abnormality where there is significant stenosis
or complete absence of a portion of the ileum. There is an increased incidence
in those with chromosomal abnormalities.
Ileal atresia results from a vascular accident in utero that leads to decreased
intestinal perfusion and subsequent ischaemia of a segment of bowel. This
leads to narrowing, or in the most severe cases, complete obliteration of the
intestinal lumen.
Authors : Dr.Mohammadreza Shahidipak*
There is a kind of permanent confrontation in history between the realistic
and ruling and progressive medicine and in accordance with God and nature
with the superstitious medicine based on the illusions and delusions of the
common people throughout history, so that it has led to a conflict at some
point in time. In the meantime, a current of realism was formed in medicine,
which are idolatrous and superstitious for centuries to come. This research
issue is a historical phenomenon and has many examples and the hypothesis
of the research is that this method is broken in the realism method in the life
of the Prophet of Islam.