Volume 1 - Issue 5
Authors : Farida ahmad, Musarrat Zahra, Farhan Ullah Afridi, Fatma Zulfiqar
Physical exercise (PE) is defined as “ a subset of physical activity that
is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate
objective of improving or maintaining physical fitness” [1]. There are different
types of PE, exercise performed at 50 - 63 %, 64 -76 % and 77 – 95% % of
heart rate maximum (HR max) are termed low, moderate and high intensity
exercises respectively. High intensity exercise has been further classified as
continuous, high intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training [2].
Authors : Guillermo Careaga-Reyna, David Arellano-Ostoa, Juana Perez-Duran,
Araceli Gayosso
Coronaviruses are single stranded ribonucleic acid viruses with a diameter
of 60–140 nm and a high rate of genetic mutations and recombinations,
rendering them capable of escaping from the immune system and causing
novel infections (1). In less than six months, the coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) pandemic has swiftly spread from one city in China to over 190
countries worldwide (2-4). Neonatal infections with SARS-CoV-2 have been
described although robust data on vertical transmission are lacking.
Authors : Nicholas S. Murdoch Duncan, Ayelen Andrea Olivero,*Emmanuel E.
Sadava
An 81-year-old man consulted at our hospital for evaluation of a long-
established left inguinal mass. The patient denied experiencing pain, food
intolerance, constipation or urinary tract symptoms in the past. A physical
examination revealed a 15x10cm painless mass in the left inguinal region,
distinct from the testicle, with no palpable changes during Valsalva ́s maneuver.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 79mm heterogeneous lesion of
the spermatic cord which projected itself through the inguinal canal into the
scrotal sac, displacing the testis inferiorly.
Authors : Yuan Zhang, Haixu Jiang, Chen Li
A 15-year-old girl had intermittent pain in her left leg since October 2020.
The imaging examination suggested that tibial tumors were not excluded. Bone
biopsy showed chronic osteomyelitis. Another lesion resection was performed.
The postoperative pain was not relieved. The patient came to our hospital for
treatment. The X-ray, three-dimensional reconstruction CT and MRI of the left
lower leg all showed obvious bone damage and bone thickening. (Figure.1 A,B
and C). Therefore, we consider aseptic osteomyelitis, which belongs to the
category of SAPHO in children, and that can have no skin manifestations. In this
case, the diagnosis is mainly based on the typical radiological manifestations
of the patient [1].
Authors : Andrea Villarreal-Juris; María Tobar-Vallejo; Iván Jarro-Villavicencio;
Martín Angulo-Mejía; Ricardo Chacha-Suscal; Anna Delgado-Salas;
Juan Jaramillo-Merino Evelyn Brito-Henriquez
Arterial hypertension is a pathology that responds to multiple economic,
social, cultural, environmental, and ethnic factors, reaching a high prevalence
worldwide: 691 million people [1]. It is also known that of the 15 million people
deceased from circulatory diseases, 7.2 million died from coronary heart disease
and 4.6 million from encephalic vascular disease; and high blood pressure was
present in most of them [2].
Authors : Andrea Villarreal-Juris; Diana Galarza-Estrella; Bairon Sabando-Farías;
Gabriela Castillo-Andrade; Jimmy Casares-Tamayo
Gorlin-Goltz (G-G) syndrome or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
(NBCCS) is a dominant autosomal genetic disorder with high penetrance.
Fifty percent of patients who suffer from it have a mutation in the long arm of
chromosome 9q22.3 in the area of the PTCH gene (protein patched homolog)
(1–3), a homologue of the Drosophila patched gene (PTC), which encodes a
transmembrane receptor protein (4). This protein binds to a soluble factor of
the hedgehog family (Hh), thus activating the Smo (smoothened) receptor,
which unblocks the transcription of several growth factors.
Authors : Rafia Jabbar, Rijaa Zaheer, Agha Aftab Hussain, Anjum Naveed
Ludwig’s angina is a potentially life-threatening cellulitis of floor of mouth
and tongue which rapidly progresses and becomes hard and inflexible. Ludwig’s
angina, is named after German physician Wilhelm Fredrick von Ludwig who
first described this in 1836. Due to the possible complications associated with
Ludwig’s angina immediate identification and management is required.